In the actual machining of parts, there are many factors that lead to the deformation of parts. In order to fundamentally solve these deformation problems, operators need to carefully explore these factors in actual work, and combine the essence of the work to formulate improvement measures.
1. Improve the quality of blanks
In the specific operation process of various equipment, improving the quality of the rough embryo is the guarantee to prevent the deformation of the parts. The machined parts meet the specific standard requirements of the parts, which provides a guarantee for the use of subsequent parts. Operators need to check the quality of different blanks and replace defective ones from time to time to avoid unnecessary problems. At the same time, operators need to select reliable blanks according to the specific requirements of the equipment to ensure that the quality and safety of the machined parts meet the standard requirements and prolong the service life of the parts.
2. Reduce cutting force
In the cutting process, closely combine the processing requirements, pay attention to the cutting angle, and reduce the cutting force. The rake angle and main deflection angle of the tool can be increased to make the blade sharp, and a reasonable tool is crucial to the amount of turning force during turning. For example, when turning thin-walled parts, if the rake angle is too large, the wedge angle of the tool will become larger, the wear rate will increase, and deformation and friction will be reduced. The rake angle can be selected according to different tools. The best rake angle is 6°~30°; it is best to use a carbide tool with a rake angle of 5°~20°.
3. Measures to reduce the clamping force
When machining parts with poor rigidity, some measures need to be taken to increase the rigidity of the parts, such as adding auxiliary supports. Also pay attention to the contact area between the tightening point and the parts. According to the different parts, choose different clamping methods. For example, when processing thin-walled sleeve parts, you can choose an elastic shaft device for clamping. Note that the tightening position should be Choose a more rigid part. For the mechanical parts of the long axis, the positioning method at both ends can be used. For parts with very large length and diameter, it is necessary to clamp both ends together, and the method of “clamping at one end and hanging at one end” cannot be used. In addition, when machining cast iron parts, the design of the fixture should be based on the principle of increasing the rigidity of the cantilever part. A new type of hydraulic clamping tool can also be used to effectively prevent quality problems caused by clamping deformation of parts during processing.
4. Increase the rigidity of the parts to prevent excessive deformation
In the machining process of mechanical parts, the safety performance of parts is affected by many objective factors. This is the phenomenon of stress shrinkage after heat treatment of the part, which will cause the part to deform. To prevent deformation, technicians need to select an appropriate thermal confinement treatment to alter the stiffness of the part. This requires the use of appropriate thermal limiting treatments in conjunction with component performance to ensure safety and reliability. No obvious deformation after heat treatment.
5. Use special clamps to reduce clamping deformation
In the process of machining mechanical parts, the requirements for refinement are very strict. For different parts, different special tooling is selected, which can make the parts less prone to displacement during the processing. In addition, before processing, the staff also needs to carry out the corresponding preparations, comprehensively check the fixed parts, compare the drawings, and check whether the position of the mechanical parts is correct, so as to reduce the deformation of the clamping.
